Search by country or region

Select a UN mechanism

Choose one or more sub-themes

Select one or more years of publication

Select true or false

Select a community

Theme Key

  • Stateless Persons
  • Nationality
  • Children
  • Discrimination
  • Implementing measures

Number of results found: 2173

Myanmar

18.     Education:  Nearly every Rohingya parent who the Special Rapporteur spoke with cited education shortfalls as their most pressing concern for their children.  52 percent of the estimated 918,841 Rohingya (or 477,797) in Bangladesh are children under the age of-18. The Special...

18.     Education:  Nearly every Rohingya parent who the Special Rapporteur spoke with cited education shortfalls as their most pressing concern for their children.  52 percent of the estimated 918,841 Rohingya (or 477,797) in Bangladesh are children under the age of-18. The Special Rapporteur takes note that the education needs for the children and youth in camps are tremendous.  In 2021, an estimated 515,042 Rohingya aged 3-24 needed education opportunities.  However, the Special Rapporteur notes 2021 funding targets in the Joint Response Plan only aimed to provide education, to 390,923 of them (100 percent of the 3-5 age group, 100 percent of 6-14, 70 percent of 15-18, and 15 percent of 19-24). According to the Inter-Sector Coordination Group (ISCG) Education Sector only 62 percent of the education plan was in fact funded (as of 30 October 2021). Bangladesh needs a significantly stronger level of support from the international community if this gap is going to be overcome.

23.     A Bangladesh senior official responded to the Special Rapporteur’s concerns regarding the education facility closures by stressing that (1) “these [Rohingya] are the people who have never been allowed to go to the schools in Myanmar,” (2) there is a lack of qualified teachers in the Rohingya community to provide good education, and (3) there is a potential for radicalization to occur in the unauthorized private schools.   The Special Rapporteur is concerned that a senior government official would dismiss concerns about education for Rohingya children because of the horrible conditions that Rohingya families faced in Rakhine State.  Reducing teacher salaries—as the 13 December circular mandates—is counterproductive to recruiting better qualified teachers. To address the potential for radicalization, closer engagement with the Rohingya community, the promotion of a vibrant moderate Rohingya civil society, and similar measures would be a more equitable approach than the closure of all private schools. 

85.     The roughly 600,000 Rohingya in Rakhine State continue to have their human rights systematically violated. More than 130,000 remain confined to IDP camps and even those living in villages are denied the right to move freely. Most villagers need to apply for permission to travel between locations in Rakhine State, a system that is enforced at checkpoints manned by security forces throughout the region. Since the coup, Rohingya have faced renewed arrest for undocumented travel and, as of mid-2021, 67 Rohingya were on trial while 58 had been convicted and sentenced up to two years for travel outside of Rakhine State. Travel restrictions and nighttime curfews can have life-and-death consequences, especially for those seeking treatment for acute medical conditions. An outbreak of diarrhea in Rohingya IDP camps that began in January 2022 has led to deaths that could have been prevented by timely medical treatment.

86.     The Rohingya continue to be effectively cut off from access to citizenship in Myanmar. Few Rohingya are able to meet the documentary hurdles imposed by the 1982 Citizenship Law, which is applied in an extremely discriminatory manner against the Rohingya. Rohingya persons are by-and-large unwilling to accept National Verification cards (NVC) because of the stipulation that they register as “Bengali,” effectively identifying them as foreigners.

87.     No progress has been made towards the safe, dignified and voluntary return of Rohingya who were driven from their homes. Many of the properties which belonged to Rohingya in villages from which they were driven by attacks in 2012, 2016 and 2017 have been razed and are now the site of new commercial projects, government buildings or military installations. Given current conditions, the Special Rapporteur considers the situation in Rakhine State to be unconducive to the voluntary, sustainable return of Rohingya refugees from Bangladesh.

 

 

Protection/Enjoyment of rights Detention Lack of documents/Access to documentation Remedy/Reparation Race/Ethnicity
Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC)

Netherlands

18. The Committee is concerned that conditions under which stateless children may apply for Dutch nationality under the current Nationality Act, which include a requirement of three years of legal residency, are very strict. Recalling its previous recommendations, the Committee recommends...

18. The Committee is concerned that conditions under which stateless children may apply for Dutch nationality under the current Nationality Act, which include a requirement of three years of legal residency, are very strict. Recalling its previous recommendations, the Committee recommends that the State party:

(a) Ensure that all children born in Aruba and Curaçao, including those with an irregular residence status, have access to birth registration and/or identity cards, and strengthen legal pathways to acquire a nationality;

(b) Guarantee all stateless children born or present within the territory of the State party the right to acquire nationality irrespective of residency status;

(c) Implement measures for ensuring that children with an “unknown” nationality, a status that leaves them unable to be registered as stateless and obtain international protection, do not remain with such a status for a prolonged period of time;

(d) Ensure access to education, health services and social services for stateless children and children with an “unknown” nationality;

(e) Ensure that no child, including those between 16 and 17 years of age, is deprived of his or her nationality for actions that are considered to constitute a threat to national security, and also consider children’s best interests when such withdrawals of nationality are imposed on parents

Protection/Enjoyment of rights Remedy/Reparation Loss/Deprivation Nationality/Identity documentation Born on territory Birth registration Legislative/Judicial/Administrative action
Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC)

Madagascar

20. Taking note of target 16.9 of the Sustainable Development Goals, the Committee strongly urges the State party to: (a) Take steps to reverse the current downward trend in birth registrations in the country, including by allocating adequate resources for the implementation of the national...

20. Taking note of target 16.9 of the Sustainable Development Goals, the Committee strongly urges the State party to:

(a) Take steps to reverse the current downward trend in birth registrations in the country, including by allocating adequate resources for the implementation of the national strategic plan for civil registration and vital statistics and making concerted efforts, such as by enabling late and free of charge registration and increasing birth registration in areas with very low rates, especially in the region of Atsimo-Andrefana;

(b) Amend its law on nationality in order to provide legal safeguards against statelessness at birth and to allow children adopted by a Malagasy mother and foreign father to gain the nationality of Madagascar;

(c) Consider acceding to the Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons of 1954 and the Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness of 1961;

(d) Seek technical assistance from the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and UNICEF, among others, for the implementation of the recommendations in the present paragraph.

Adoption/Surrogacy Birth registration International Instruments Legislative/Judicial/Administrative action Implementing measures - Other
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)

Gabon

25. The Committee recommends that the State party: (a) Strengthen the citizenship and social protection programme (2020) to encourage the timely registration of births and issuance of birth certificates, prioritizing the registration of births of girls with disabilities; (b) Expedite the...

25. The Committee recommends that the State party:

(a) Strengthen the citizenship and social protection programme (2020) to encourage the timely registration of births and issuance of birth certificates, prioritizing the registration of births of girls with disabilities;

(b) Expedite the planned opening of civil status offices in hospitals to facilitate birth registration within the deadlines set out in article 169 of the Civil Code;

(c) Raise awareness among both civil registry staff and the general public of article 169 of the Civil Code which provides that birth registration in the civil registry is free of charge in all circumstances;

(d) Ensure that all women receive national identity cards, prioritizing disadvantaged groups of women;

(e) Expedite the process of acceding to the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons and the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness.

Nationality/Identity documentation Birth registration International Instruments
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)

Uganda

36. With reference to its general recommendation No. 32 (2014) on the gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women, the Committee recommends that the State party: (a) Facilitate birth registration and the registration of refugee and asylum...

36. With reference to its general recommendation No. 32 (2014) on the gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women, the Committee recommends that the State party:

(a) Facilitate birth registration and the registration of refugee and asylum-seeking women and girls through the use of modern information and communications technology, simplify and ensure affordable birth registration procedures and deploy more mobile teams to issue birth certificates in rural and remote areas and within indigenous communities;

(b) Collect data on stateless women and girls, disaggregated by age, ethnicity and disability, and provide such data in its next periodic report;

(c) Ratify the Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness of 1961.

Birth registration International Instruments Data Collection/Monitoring/Reporting
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)

Dominican Republic

30. The Committee recommends that the State party: (a) Review its nationality legislation (in particular arts. 3 and 4 of the Naturalization Act of 1948) and the General Migration Act of 2004 to eliminate discriminatory provisions and ensure that every child born in the Dominican Republic...

30. The Committee recommends that the State party:

(a) Review its nationality legislation (in particular arts. 3 and 4 of the Naturalization Act of 1948) and the General Migration Act of 2004 to eliminate discriminatory provisions and ensure that every child born in the Dominican Republic to a Dominican man and a woman who is not a Dominican national, including a woman of Haitian origin, is entitled to Dominican nationality;

(b) Take steps to ensure that any child born in the Dominican Republic from a woman who is not a Dominican national, including a woman of Haitian origin, is not made stateless;

(c) Address the backlog in registration and ensure that all children born in the State party are registered immediately after birth and at no cost, and ensure their right to a nationality;

(d) Remove all barriers, in law and in practice, to registering descendants of Dominican men and women who are non-nationals or affected by Constitutional Court ruling No. 168-13, in the ordinary birth register for Dominicans, and ensure that they have access to the Dominican nationality regardless of the nationality or migration status of the mother;

(e) Promote the approval of the draft law to amend Law No. 659 on Records of Civil Status aimed at extending the deadlines for the timely registration of births to 180 days, and cover the costs related to DNA tests required by the Central Electoral Board in order to ensure that all children born in the State party are registered in the ordinary birth register for Dominicans.

Remedy/Reparation (Forced) migration context Access to nationality/Naturalization Born on territory Birth registration Race/Ethnicity Legislative/Judicial/Administrative action
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)

Panama

32. The Committee recommends that the State party: (a) Reform its birth registration and identity procedure, with a view to creating an equal and accessible birth registration and identity procedure for women and their children, and give full effect to the 1954 and 1961 conventions relating...

32. The Committee recommends that the State party:

(a) Reform its birth registration and identity procedure, with a view to creating an equal and accessible birth registration and identity procedure for women and their children, and give full effect to the 1954 and 1961 conventions relating to the status of stateless persons, recognizing the legal status of children born to undocumented women;

(b) Establish criteria and gender-sensitive mechanisms throughout all procedures for the recognition of the condition of statelessness and support for stateless persons by the State.

Protection/Enjoyment of rights Identification and determination procedures Remedy/Reparation Nationality/Identity documentation Birth registration International Instruments Legislative/Judicial/Administrative action
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)

Peru

32. The Committee recommends that the State party remove the requirement of parents’ official documentation for the issuance of birth certificates and ensure that civil registry staff issue birth certificates to all children born in the State party, without exception.

32. The Committee recommends that the State party remove the requirement of parents’ official documentation for the issuance of birth certificates and ensure that civil registry staff issue birth certificates to all children born in the State party, without exception.

Birth registration
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)

Lebanon

12. The Committee reiterates its previous recommendations ( CEDAW/C/LBN/CO/4-5 , para. 16) and urges the State party to expedite its efforts towards withdrawing its reservations to the Convention, in particular to articles 9 (2), on equal rights with respect to the nationality of children,...

12. The Committee reiterates its previous recommendations ( CEDAW/C/LBN/CO/4-5 , para. 16) and urges the State party to expedite its efforts towards withdrawing its reservations to the Convention, in particular to articles 9 (2), on equal rights with respect to the nationality of children, and 16 (1) (c)–(d) and (f)–(g), on equality in marriage and family relations, which are incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention and constitute an obstacle to the implementation of the Convention as a whole, as the Committee has already stated in its general recommendations No. 21 (1994) on equality in marriage and family relations and No. 29 (2013) on the economic consequences of marriage, family relations and their dissolution.

36. Recalling its previous recommendation ( CEDAW/C/LBN/CO/4-5 , para. 16), the Committee recommends that the State party repeal Decree No. 15 and adopt legislation to ensure equal rights of women and men to confer their nationality to their foreign spouses and children.

Gender International Instruments Legislative/Judicial/Administrative action
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)

Uzbekistan

28. Recalling its general recommendation No. 32 (2014) on the gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women, the Committee recommends that the State party: (a) Amend the Law on Citizenship, granting citizenship to children born in the territory...

28. Recalling its general recommendation No. 32 (2014) on the gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women, the Committee recommends that the State party:

(a) Amend the Law on Citizenship, granting citizenship to children born in the territory of Uzbekistan who would otherwise become stateless and making the loss or renunciation of nationality contingent on possession or acquisition of another nationality, and allow reacquisition of nationality for women who would otherwise become stateless;

(b) Ensure that girls and boys born in the territory of the State party are registered at birth and have access to Uzbek nationality and identity documents, regardless of their parents’ consent, nationality, or residence or marital status, and that loss or renunciation of nationality is contingent on the possession or acquisition of another nationality;

(...)

(d) Ratify the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons and the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness.

Loss/Deprivation Nationality/Identity documentation Born on territory Birth registration International Instruments Legislative/Judicial/Administrative action